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Do you really understand the construction technology of curtain wall engineering

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1. Making and Installation of Embedded Parts of Building Curtain Wall

1) Technical Requirements for Manufacturing Embedded Parts

(1) Processing Requirements for Flat Embedded Parts

(1) Q235 grade steel should be used for anchor plate, HPB35, HRB335 or HRB400 grade hot-rolled steel bars should be used for anchor bars, and cold-processed steel bars should be strictly prohibited.

(2) Effective anticorrosion treatment should be adopted for embedded parts.

(2) Technical Requirements for Installation of Embedded Parts

(1) The embedded parts should be laid in accordance with the position and specifications of the design requirements when pouring tamping concrete into the main structure.

(2) In order to ensure the reliability of the links between the embedded parts and the main structure, the strength grade of the main structure concrete at the links should not be lower than C20.

(3) Preventing the displacement of embedded parts during pouring and tamping of concrete

When curtain wall is connected with masonry structure, reinforced concrete or steel beam or column should be added to the main structure of the connecting part. Light filling should not be used as supporting structure of curtain wall.

(3) Glass curtain wall supported by frame (open frame, concealed frame and semi-concealed frame)

1) Manufacture of Frame Supported Glass Curtain Wall Components

The glass plate making of semi-concealed frame and concealed frame glass curtain wall is a key work to ensure the engineering quality of glass curtain wall, and the cleaning of glass panels and aluminium frames before injection is an important process related to the quality of glass plate processing. Cleaning work should be carried out by "twice wiping" process. Glass panels and aluminium frames should be injected with glue within 1 hour after cleaning, and re-cleaning should be done when there is serious pollution before gelling.

(2) Qualified compatibility test report must be obtained before silicone structural sealant is injected, and primer should be applied if necessary. No expired sealant shall be used.

(3) Glass plates should be injected with glue in clean and ventilated rooms. Indoor environmental temperature and humidity conditions should meet the requirements of structural rubber products. Indoor cleanliness is required. The temperature should be between 15 - 30 C and the relative humidity should be above 50%.

After plate processing is completed, it should be maintained in a clean room with temperature of 20 C and humidity of more than 50%. The curing time of one-component silicone structural sealant is generally 14-21 days, and that of double-rent silicone structural sealant is 7-10 days.

When making glass plate, we should correctly grasp the orientation of glass. The coated surface of single coated glass should generally face to the indoor side, and the coated surface of sunlight-controlled coated hollow glass should face to the air layer.

2) Installation of frame supported glass curtain wall

(1) Column installation

Aluminum alloy columns should generally be designed as tension members, the upper supporting point should be circular holes, the lower supporting point should be long circular holes, forming the suspension stress state. Between the upper and lower pillars, closed profiles can be connected by core pillars of length not less than 250mm, which should be closely matched with the pillars, and open profiles can be mechanically connected by equal strength profiles.

The cracks between the upper and lower columns should be no less than 15 mm, and the silicone weatherproof sealant sealant should be injected to seal. In addition to stainless steel, flexible gaskets should be preserved and isolated between the contact surfaces of two different metals in order to prevent bimetallic corrosion.

(2) Beam Installation

When the span of aluminium profile beam is not more than 1.2m, the thickness of the main stress parts of the section should not be less than 2.0mm; when the span of aluminium profile beam is more than 1.2m, the thickness of the main stress parts of the section should not be less than 2.5mm, which is generally connected with the column in segments.

Connecting fasteners between beams and columns shall be connected by stainless steel bolts and bolts according to design requirements. In order to adapt to thermal expansion and shrinkage and prevent friction noise, rigid contact should be avoided at the connection between the beam and the column. Flexible gaskets can be set or 1-2 mm gap can be reserved, and glue is added into the gap. When the glass curtain wall with concealed frame is connected with fixed glass components by hooks, flexible gaskets should be set on the contact surface of the hooks.

(3) Installation of glass panel

(1) Installation of semi-concealed frame, glass plate of concealed frame glass curtain wall, fixed point spacing should not be greater than 300 mm, and self-tapping screw should not be used to fix glass plate.

(2) Glass panels of concealed frame and transverse semi-concealed frame glass curtain walls rely on seams to bear the weight of glass, while silicone structural sealant bears very low capacity of permanent load, so two aluminium alloy and stainless steel brackets should be installed at the bottom of each glass.

(3) The opening angle of the glass curtain wall should not be greater than 30 degrees, and the opening distance should not be greater than 300 mm. The cracks around the opening window should be sealed with chloroprene rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber or silicone rubber seals.

(4) Sealant seam

The construction thickness of sealant should be greater than 3.5 mm, generally controlled within 4.5 mm.

(2) Sealant should be bonded on both sides of the joint, not on three sides.

It is not suitable for gluing at night or in rainy days; the gluing temperature should meet the actual requirements and product requirements.

4. It is strictly forbidden to use expired sealants; silicone structural sealants are not suitable for use as silicone weatherproof sealants, and they can not be replaced each other.

(5) All-glass wall

(1) The glass thickness of all-glass wall panel should not be less than 10 mm; the thickness of laminated glass should not be less than 8 mm; the cross-section thickness of glass ribs should not be less than 12 mm, and the cross-section height should not be less than 100 mm.

(2) The size of glass panels for all-glass walls is generally large, so mechanical suckers should be used to install them.

(3) The loads and functions of all-glass wall panels are transmitted to glass ribs through seams, which must be made of silicone sealant. The thickness of the seam shall be determined by design calculation. The size of the seam must be guaranteed in construction and the bearing capacity of the seam must not be weakened.

(4) Silicone structural sealant is allowed to be injected into the whole glass wall on site.

Because the acid silicone structural sealant corrodes the film of various coated glass, the sandwich material of laminated glass and the joint of hollow glass, the acid silicone structural sealant and acid silicone weather-resistant sealant sealant sealant can not be used in all glass walls of the above glass.

The panels of all glass walls shall not be in direct contact with other rigid materials. The gap between the panel and decoration or structural plane should not be less than 8mm, and should be sealed with sealant.

(6) Fire protection construction requirements of building curtain wall

(1) The gap between curtain wall and the outer edge of each floor and partition wall should be sealed with non-flammable or non-flammable materials. Rock wool or mineral wool can be used as filling materials. Its thickness should not be less than 100 mm, and the fire resistance limit requirements should be met. Fire-proof smoke belts should be formed between floors and rooms.

The fire protection layer shall be supported by galvanized steel plate with thickness not less than 1.5mm, and shall not be supported by aluminium plate. The gap between the supporting plate and the main structure, curtain wall structure and supporting plate shall be sealed with fire-proof sealant, and the fire-proof sealant shall be reported by the legal inspection institution.

(2) Curtain walls without windowsills should be equipped with non-combustible solid skirt walls or firewalls with fire resistance limit not less than 1.0h and height not less than 0.8m at the outer edge of each floor. When calculating the height of skirt wall, the thickness of reinforced concrete floor or the height of side beam can be taken into account.

(3) Fireproof layer should not be in direct contact with curtain wall glass.

(7) Lightning protection construction requirements of building curtain wall

The metal frame of curtain wall should be reliably connected with the lightning protection system of the main structure.

(2) For aluminium alloy pillars of curtain wall, a flexible conductor should be used to connect each upper and lower pillar within the range of not more than 10m.

(3) The curtain wall roof plate with lightning protection function should be made of aluminium alloy plate with thickness not less than 3 mm, which should be effectively connected with the lightning protection system of the main structure roof.

(4) Lightning protection connection should be carried out on components with coated layer.

(8) Sealing structure of curtain wall

The sealing structure of curtain wall should be constructed according to the design drawings.

(2) Bottom sealing: There should be expansion gap between the column, bottom cross beam and glass plate and the main structure, and the width of the gap should not be less than 15 mm.

(3) The pressure gradient of the top-sealing daughter wall should meet the design requirements. The inner cover of the daughter wall should not be less than 150 mm. The daughter wall of the metal curtain wall should be made of single-layer aluminium plate or stainless steel plate to form an inclined top.

(4) The gap between the surrounding sealing curtain wall and the main structure should be tightly filled with fire-proof and thermal insulation materials. Cement mortar should not be directly contacted with aluminium profiles, and dry and hard materials should not be used for filling.

The glass should not be directly contacted with other rigid materials. The gap between the glass periphery and the decorations inside and outside the building should not be less than 5 mm; the gap between the panels of all glass curtain wall and the decoration or structural plane should not be less than 8 mm.

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