At present, most of the cables used at home and abroad are magnesium oxide mineral fire-resistant insulated cables and fire-resistant cables wound with mica tapes. Because the cable of this structure needs special production and processing equipment, and the equipment for the production of magnesium oxide mineral fireproof insulated cable not only needs to be imported, but also very expensive, and the capital investment is too large; in addition, the outer sheath of the magnesium oxide mineral fireproof insulated cable is full. Copper has high cost and is limited in practical application to a certain extent; coupled with the special requirements of copper sheathed magnesium oxide mineral fireproof insulated cables in the process of production, processing, transportation, line laying, installation and use, such as The production and processing of magnesium oxide mineral fireproof insulated cables is not as convenient as that of polymer materials, the laying and installation are difficult, the cost of raw materials is high, and it is difficult to popularize and use on a large scale, especially in civil buildings. However, the refractory cable wound with mica tape needs to be wound in multiple layers in the production process. Due to the limitation of process conditions, it is often easy to cause defects in the lap joints. After the fire, the mica tape is brittle and easy to fall off, which also causes poor fire resistance. It is difficult to ensure the safety and smooth flow of communication and power in the event of fire.

1 Research on ceramic refractory silicone rubber

1.2 Features

Ordinary polymer materials are mostly turned into ashes after being burned by flame, and rarely become ceramic-like objects, so they can't isolate the flame. Ceramic refractory silicone rubber is non-toxic and odorless at room temperature, has good softness and elasticity, and has the characteristics of silicone rubber. Under the high temperature above 500℃ and flame ablation, the organic components will be ablated and transformed into a hard ceramic-like substance in a very short time, forming a good insulation layer, preventing the continuous burning of the flame, and ablation The longer the time and the higher the temperature, the more obvious the effect of hardness, some types of ceramic refractory silicone rubber can withstand 12001500 ℃. Ceramic refractory silicone rubber can be produced using conventional rubber processing equipment. The products produced have the physical and mechanical properties and other properties of silicone rubber, and have good processability.

Ceramic refractory silicone rubber is neither flame retardant nor flame retardant. The mechanism of action of flame retardant glue and flame retardant glue is to add organic and inorganic flame retardant materials to polymer materials. During the combustion process, the generated substances can gradually extinguish the flame, so as to achieve the effect of flame retardant. However, in a fire, the flame is continuously burning, and the flame retardant glue and the flame retardant glue will turn into ashes after being burned, so they cannot play the role of fire fighting and fire prevention. The completed flame retardant wire and cable cannot fully guarantee the smooth communication and power in the fire, and the safety of personnel and property cannot be guaranteed. Ceramic refractory silicone rubber overcomes the above shortcomings and is a new type of polymer composite fireproof material with wide application prospects.

1.3 Fire protection mechanism

The main material of ceramic refractory silicone rubber is high temperature silicone rubber (HTV). It also has the good processing performance of ordinary high temperature silicone rubber.

Under the ablation of the flame, the ceramic refractory silicone rubber begins to sinter into a hard insulating layer of the ceramic shell after burning for 1-2 minutes. The insulating layer of this hard ceramic shell can effectively block the continuation of the flame. Burns, and completely quits smoking after being burned for 2-3 minutes. In the next process of blocking the flame, the smoke itself is no longer generated. The smoke generated in the early 2-3 minutes is also non-toxic and halogen-free. The smoke is mainly produced by the combustion of organic silicon, and the organic silicon itself does not contain toxic and halogenated substances.

Ceramic refractory silicone rubber is different from ordinary rubber and flame retardant rubber. It has better characteristics than ordinary rubber and flame retardant rubber: at room temperature After ablation, a hard shell is formed to protect the burned object from damage. The wire and cable made of ceramic refractory silicone rubber is ablated to form a hard shell to protect the wire and cable, thus ensuring the smooth flow of electricity and communication, and winning precious time for the evacuation and rescue of personnel in the event of fire. The flame retardant glue can only delay the time for the rubber to be burned into powder. If it continues to be burned, the rubber will gradually become powdery and fall off, losing its protective effect, and the wire and cable will be broken down and cause a short circuit.

2 Exploratory research on the application of ceramic refractory silicone rubber to fireproof wire and cable

2.1 Processability and economy

The processing method of ceramic refractory silicone rubber is exactly the same as that of ordinary high-temperature silicone rubber compound. , there is no need to increase equipment, and there is no need for huge equipment investment like magnesium oxide mineral fire-resistant insulated cables, and no need to go through multiple windings like mica tape-wound fire-resistant cables, which is labor-intensive and time-consuming, and can greatly reduce costs. The wire and cable produced with ceramic refractory silicone rubber can greatly reduce the cost, and can be laid and installed as easily as ordinary wires and cables, without the need for complicated laying like magnesium oxide mineral fire-resistant insulated cables, which is widely used for fire-resistant wires and cables. Prerequisites and foundations are provided.

2.2 Application

Ceramic fire-resistant silicone rubber fire-resistant wire and cable has good fire-fighting and fire-resistant properties, which makes it widely used in places with very high public fire-fighting and fire-safety requirements, such as ordinary civil disasters, high-rise buildings, elevators, large and small supermarkets, Subways, airports, stations, hospitals, banks, office buildings, hotels, postal and telecommunications buildings, exhibition halls, libraries, museums, ancient buildings, schools, power buildings, public entertainment places, tunnels, underground buildings, warehouses, etc. It is used in metallurgy, steel, coke, coal mine, power plant, power transmission and transformation station, shipbuilding, petroleum, chemical industry, medicine, nuclear power plant, aerospace, military, papermaking and other industries, as well as household appliances, automobiles, public transportation facilities, etc. Ceramic refractory silicone rubber fireproof wire and cable has broad application prospects.

3 Conclusion

Ceramic refractory silicone rubber provides a new and safe fire protection and fire protection material for fire protection and fire protection, especially for the manufacture of fire protection wires and cables and opens up a new idea and new method; Processing, laying installation and application are further simplified. Compared with the previous fireproof cables, the cost has been greatly reduced, which provides the possibility for widespread popularization and promotion, especially for ordinary civilian use, thus guaranteeing the lives, lives and property of the people to a considerable extent. Safety.